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      <title>请描述一下TCP/IP协议的工作原理和特点 - 交互式测验</title>
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              <h1>请描述一下TCP/IP协议的工作原理和特点 - 交互式测验</h1>
              <p>检验你对文档内容的理解程度</p>
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    "question": "根据文档，TCP/IP协议栈中的传输层（Transport Layer）最核心的职责是什么？",
    "options": [
      "负责数据包的寻址与跨网络路由",
      "提供应用程序间的网络服务和协议支持",
      "负责端到端的连接、流量控制和可靠/不可靠的数据传输",
      "管理物理设备上的数据帧传输"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "传输层的主要功能是为两台主机上的应用程序提供端到端的通信。它使用TCP协议提供可靠的、面向连接的传输，或使用UDP协议提供快速但不可靠的无连接传输，同时还负责流量控制和差错校验。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「传输层（Transport Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下TCP和UDP协议位于哪一层，它们的功能是什么。"
  },
  {
    "question": "文档中提到UDP协议适用于对时延敏感的应用。下列哪种场景最适合使用UDP而非TCP？",
    "options": [
      "发送电子邮件（SMTP）",
      "在线视频流媒体",
      "从服务器下载一个大型安装包（FTP）",
      "浏览网页内容（HTTP）"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "UDP是一种无连接、不可靠的协议，它不保证数据包的顺序或完整性，但传输开销小、延迟低。因此，它非常适合对实时性要求高、可以容忍少量数据丢失的场景，如在线视频流、网络游戏等。而电子邮件、文件下载和网页浏览都需要高可靠性，因此必须使用TCP。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「传输层（Transport Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "在哪个应用场景中，速度和低延迟比100%的数据完整性更重要？"
  },
  {
    "question": "在TCP/IP的网络层（Network Layer），起核心作用的协议是什么，其主要功能是什么？",
    "options": [
      "TCP协议，负责建立可靠的端到端连接",
      "HTTP协议，负责定义Web客户端和服务器的通信格式",
      "IP协议，负责为数据包进行寻址和路由选择",
      "以太网协议，负责在局域网内传输数据帧"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "网络层的核心是IP（Internet Protocol）协议。它的主要任务是为数据包添加源和目标主机的地址（IP地址），并根据路由表决定如何将数据包从源头转发到目的地，实现跨网络的通信。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「网络层（Network Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "我们常说的“IP地址”是哪个协议的一部分？"
  },
  {
    "question": "TCP协议如何确保在数据传输前建立一个可靠的、面向连接的会话？",
    "options": [
      "通过ARP协议解析对方的物理地址",
      "通过一次性的广播请求来发现目标主机",
      "通过“三次握手”（Three-Way Handshake）过程",
      "依赖网络层IP协议的连接保证"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "为了建立一个可靠的连接，TCP协议采用了“三次握手”机制。这个过程通过三次通信（SYN, SYN-ACK, ACK）来确保通信双方都已准备好发送和接收数据，从而建立一个全双工的连接。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「传输层（Transport Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "文档中提到了一个建立连接的特定术语，它涉及三个步骤的交互。"
  },
  {
    "question": "文档描述TCP/IP协议能够“在不同类型的网络硬件和技术之间传输数据，如光纤、Wi-Fi、以太网等”。这主要体现了TCP/IP协议的哪个特点？",
    "options": [
      "端到端通信",
      "模块化设计",
      "支持异构网络的互联",
      "广泛的应用支持"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 2,
    "explanation": "这个能力被称为“支持异构网络的互联”。正是由于IP协议在网络层的工作，使得上层协议（如TCP和UDP）无需关心底层的物理网络是什么，从而实现了在各种不同物理介质和网络技术组成的互联网上进行无缝通信。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的特点」部分",
    "hint": "思考一下，连接不同种类网络（例如将家里的Wi-Fi网络连接到外部的光纤网络）的能力属于哪个特性。"
  },
  {
    "question": "当你在浏览器中输入网址访问一个网页时，处理HTTP请求和响应的协议位于TCP/IP模型的哪一层？",
    "options": [
      "网络接口层（Network Interface Layer）",
      "网络层（Network Layer）",
      "传输层（Transport Layer）",
      "应用层（Application Layer）"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 3,
    "explanation": "应用层直接为用户的应用程序提供网络服务。HTTP（超文本传输协议）、FTP（文件传输协议）、SMTP（简单邮件传输协议）等都属于应用层协议。它们定义了特定应用的数据格式和通信规则。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「应用层（Application Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "文档中明确列出了HTTP协议作为哪个层次的示例。"
  },
  {
    "question": "根据TCP/IP的分层模型，负责将IP数据报封装成适合在物理介质（如电缆、光纤）上传输的“帧”的是哪一层？",
    "options": [
      "传输层（Transport Layer）",
      "网络接口层（Network Interface Layer）",
      "网络层（Network Layer）",
      "应用层（Application Layer）"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "网络接口层是TCP/IP协议栈的最底层，它直接与物理网络硬件交互。其主要功能就是接收来自网络层的IP数据报，并将其封装成特定网络技术（如以太网、Wi-Fi）所要求的帧格式，以便在物理链路上进行传输。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的工作原理」-「网络接口层（Network Interface Layer）」部分",
    "hint": "哪一层最接近物理硬件，如网卡和网线？"
  },
  {
    "question": "TCP/IP协议栈的分层架构和模块化设计带来了什么主要优势？",
    "options": [
      "保证了所有数据传输都是绝对加密和安全的",
      "使得每一层的功能可以独立开发和维护，提高了灵活性和可扩展性",
      "取消了对物理地址的需求，通信完全依赖IP地址",
      "让网络传输速度达到了物理介质的理论极限"
    ],
    "correctAnswerIndex": 1,
    "explanation": "分层架构将复杂的网络通信问题分解为多个更小、更易于管理的部分。每一层都专注于特定的功能，并通过标准接口与上下层交互。这种模块化设计使得任何一层的修改或替换（例如，从IPv4升级到IPv6）不会影响到其他层，极大地简化了开发、维护和协议的演进。",
    "source": "文档中「TCP/IP 协议的特点」部分",
    "hint": "想想看，把一个大问题拆分成几个独立的小问题来解决，通常会带来什么好处？"
  }
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                '<div class="score-card">' +
                '<h3>错误率</h3>' +
                '<p>' + errorRate + '%</p>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="score-card score-details">' +
                '<table>' +
                '<tr><td>正确</td><td>' + correctCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>错误</td><td>' + wrongCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '<tr><td>未答</td><td>' + skippedCount + '</td></tr>' +
                '</table>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>' +
                '<div class="report-actions">' +
                '<button id="review-btn">回顾测验</button>' +
                '<button class="primary" onclick="location.reload()">再试一次</button>' +
                '</div>' +
                '</div>';

            let reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }
            quizContentEl.insertAdjacentHTML('beforeend', finalScoreHtml);
            document.getElementById('review-btn').addEventListener('click', reviewQuiz);
        }

        function reviewQuiz() {
            const reportEl = document.querySelector('.final-score-container');
            if (reportEl) {
                reportEl.remove();
            }

            document.querySelector('.quiz-body').style.display = 'block';
            document.getElementById('quiz-footer').style.display = 'flex';
            
            currentQuestionIndex = 0;
            loadQuestion();
            updateNavigationButtons(); // Ensure nav buttons are correctly displayed
        }

        // Event Delegation for options
        optionsListEl.addEventListener('click', (event) => {
            if (event.target && event.target.matches('li.option-item')) {
                // Check if the question has already been answered
                if (userAnswers[currentQuestionIndex] === null) {
                    const selectedIndex = parseInt(event.target.dataset.index, 10);
                    selectOption(selectedIndex);
                }
            }
        });

        prevBtn.addEventListener('click', goToPreviousQuestion);
        nextBtn.addEventListener('click', goToNextQuestion);
        hintBtn.addEventListener('click', showHint);
        
        // 初始加载
        loadQuestion();
      </script>
    </body>
    </html>
  